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How a highway maintenance worker can use AI, task by task

O*NET 47-4051.00: Highway Maintenance WorkersMedian pay $50,260/year (BLS, May 2025)19 tasksJob Zone 2: Some preparation

Maintain highways, municipal and rural roads, airport runways, and rights-of-way. Duties include patching broken or eroded pavement and repairing guard rails, highway markers, and snow fences. May also mow or clear brush from along road, or plow snow from roadway.

Type your own title and every prompt on this page updates to match. Also called: Equipment Operator (EO), Highway Maintainer, Highway Maintenance Crew Worker, Highway Maintenance Technician, Highway Maintenance Worker, Maintenance Technician, Maintenance Worker, Transportation Maintenance Operator, Transportation Maintenance Specialist (TMS), Transportation Worker.

Where AI fits in this job

AI-ready 0%AI-assist 0%Stays human 100%

Share of the job's tasks, weighted by how important and how frequent each task is (O*NET ratings). 0 AI-ready, 0 AI-assist and 19 human-led tasks out of 19. This measures where AI can help, not whether the job will disappear.

Information & paperwork
Thinking & planning
People & communication
Leading & teaching
Hands-on & physical

Shape of the job: importance of each kind of work activity (O*NET, 1 to 5).

🗓 Start here on Monday

The most frequent, most important tasks where AI can help right away.

None of this job's listed tasks fall in this group.

💪 Lean into these

Core tasks that stay human. These skills get more valuable as the routine work gets automated.

  1. Set out signs and cones around work areas to divert traffic.Hands-on work · Daily
  2. Drive trucks to transport crews and equipment to work sites.Hands-on work · Daily
  3. Flag motorists to warn them of obstacles or repair work ahead.Hands-on work · Weekly

AI can draft these 0

AI produces a usable first pass. You review it, fix it and own it.

None of this job's tasks are here.

AI can help you prep these 0

AI speeds up the prep, drafting or thinking. The core of the task is still yours.

None of this job's tasks are here.

These stay human 19

They need your hands, your presence or your accountable judgment. Lean into them: they get more valuable as routine work is automated.

📏 Measured in this job (O*NET work context): Outdoors in all weather: every day · Face-to-face discussions: every day · Using hands on tools and objects: more than half the time · Around hazardous equipment: once a week or more but not every day

Set out signs and cones around work areas to divert traffic.

Daily

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to set out signs and cones around work areas to divert traffic.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Situation: [roadwork, emergency, event]
Resources: [signs, cones, staff]

List set-up, hand signals and safety positions. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Traffic control set-up

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you set out signs and cones around work areas (today).
Step 2Fill in [Situation] and [Resources] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check the plan against your traffic control standards.

Importance 4.5/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Direct vehicle traffic..

Drive trucks to transport crews and equipment to work sites.

Daily

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to drive trucks to transport crews and equipment to work sites.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Load: [machine, material]
Truck and trailer: [describe]

List loading, securing and route checks. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Hauling equipment

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you drive trucks (today).
Step 2Fill in [Load] and [Truck and trailer] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check height and weight limits on the route.

Importance 4.3/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Drive trucks or truck-mounted equipment..

Flag motorists to warn them of obstacles or repair work ahead.

Weekly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to flag motorists to warn them of obstacles or repair work ahead.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Situation: [roadwork, emergency, event]
Resources: [signs, cones, staff]

List set-up, hand signals and safety positions. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Traffic control set-up

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you flag motorists (this week).
Step 2Fill in [Situation] and [Resources] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check the plan against your traffic control standards.

Importance 4.4/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Direct vehicle traffic..

Drive heavy equipment and vehicles with adjustable attachments to sweep debris from paved surfaces, mow grass and weeds, remove snow and ice, and spread salt and sand.

Weekly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to drive heavy equipment and vehicles with adjustable attachments to sweep debris from paved surfaces, mow grass and weeds, remove snow and ice, and spread salt and sand.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Job: [clearing, moving materials]
Equipment: [dozer, forklift]

List safe operating steps. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Site clearing operation

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you drive heavy equipment and vehicles (this week).
Step 2Fill in [Job] and [Equipment] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 4.1/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Operate equipment or vehicles to clear construction sites or move materials..

Clean and clear debris from culverts, catch basins, drop inlets, ditches, and other drain structures.

Weekly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to clean and clear debris from culverts, catch basins, drop inlets, ditches, and other drain structures.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Site: [roof, road, lot]
Debris: [snow, water, vegetation]

Plan clearing steps and equipment. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Site clearing plan

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you clean and clear debris (this week).
Step 2Fill in [Site] and [Debris] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 4.2/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Remove debris or vegetation from work sites..

Perform preventative maintenance on vehicles and heavy equipment.

Weekly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to perform preventative maintenance on vehicles and heavy equipment.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Equipment: [marine machinery, vehicles]
Schedule: [intervals]

List tasks and checks. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Mechanical maintenance plan

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you perform preventative maintenance (this week).
Step 2Fill in [Equipment] and [Schedule] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 4.3/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Maintain mechanical equipment..

Dump, spread, and tamp asphalt, using pneumatic tampers, to repair joints and patch broken pavement.

Weekly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to dump, spread, and tamp asphalt, using pneumatic tampers, to repair joints and patch broken pavement.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Mix: [concrete, mortar]
Area: [size]

List steps and timing. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Concrete spreading

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you dump, spread and tamp asphalt, using pneumatic tampers (this week).
Step 2Fill in [Mix] and [Area] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 4.0/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Spread concrete or other aggregate mixtures.. Also involves: Pour materials into or on designated areas.; Compact materials to create level bases..

Haul and spread sand, gravel, and clay to fill washouts and repair road shoulders.

Weekly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to haul and spread sand, gravel, and clay to fill washouts and repair road shoulders.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Material: [blacktop, sand, earth]
Area: [size]

Estimate quantity and spreading method. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Spreading plan

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you haul and spread sand, gravel and clay (this week).
Step 2Fill in [Material] and [Area] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 4.1/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Spread sand, dirt or other loose materials onto surfaces.. Also involves: Move construction or extraction materials to locations where they are needed..

Inspect, clean, and repair drainage systems, bridges, tunnels, and other structures.

Monthly

Needs your eyes on site. AI can build the checklist and the report.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI can build your inspection checklists, explain standards and turn your notes and photos into clean reports.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to inspect, clean, and repair drainage systems, bridges, tunnels, and other structures.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Equipment: [boiler, tank, vessel]
Standards: [codes, specs]

List inspection points and defects. Group it by area, say what 'good' and 'bad' look like for each item, and add a short template for writing up what I find.

10-minute exercise: Vessel and equipment inspection

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you inspect, clean, and repair drainage systems, bridges and tunnels.
Step 2Fill in [Equipment] and [Standards] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Take it with you next time, tick it alongside your usual routine, and add anything it missed.

Importance 4.0/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Inspect industrial or commercial equipment to ensure proper operation.. Also involves: Clean equipment or facilities.; Maintain plumbing structures or fixtures..

Erect, install, or repair guardrails, road shoulders, berms, highway markers, warning signals, and highway lighting, using hand tools and power tools.

Monthly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to erect, install, or repair guardrails, road shoulders, berms, highway markers, warning signals, and highway lighting, using hand tools and power tools.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Fence type: [chain link, wood, rebar forms]
Layout: [length, gates, terrain]

List post spacing, materials, layout and tensioning steps. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Fence or barrier install

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you erect, install, or repair guardrails, road shoulders and berms.
Step 2Fill in [Fence type] and [Layout] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Locate utilities and check property lines before digging.

Importance 4.2/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Install fencing or other barriers..

Remove litter and debris from roadways, including debris from rock and mud slides.

Monthly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to remove litter and debris from roadways, including debris from rock and mud slides.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Site: [roof, road, lot]
Debris: [snow, water, vegetation]

Plan clearing steps and equipment. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Site clearing plan

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you remove litter and debris.
Step 2Fill in [Site] and [Debris] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 4.0/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Remove debris or vegetation from work sites..

Perform roadside landscaping work, such as clearing weeds and brush, and planting and trimming trees.

Monthly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to perform roadside landscaping work, such as clearing weeds and brush, and planting and trimming trees.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Site: [roof, road, lot]
Debris: [snow, water, vegetation]

Plan clearing steps and equipment. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Site clearing plan

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you perform roadside landscaping work.
Step 2Fill in [Site] and [Debris] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 3.6/5 · core task · O*NET work activity: Remove debris or vegetation from work sites..

Measure and mark locations for installation of markers, using tape, string, or chalk.

Monthly

Needs your eyes on site. AI can build the checklist and the report.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI can build your inspection checklists, explain standards and turn your notes and photos into clean reports.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to measure and mark locations for installation of markers, using tape, string, or chalk.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Site: [describe]
What to measure: [areas, placements]

Make a measuring sheet and calculations. Group it by area, say what 'good' and 'bad' look like for each item, and add a short template for writing up what I find.

10-minute exercise: Site measuring sheet

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you measure and mark locations.
Step 2Fill in [Site] and [What to measure] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Take it with you next time, tick it alongside your usual routine, and add anything it missed.

Importance 3.7/5 · O*NET work activity: Measure work site dimensions.. Also involves: Mark reference points on construction materials..

Apply oil to road surfaces, using sprayers.

Monthly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to apply oil to road surfaces, using sprayers.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Job: [asphalt, concrete]
Equipment: [paver, roller]

List setup, material flow and finish checks. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Paving operation

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you apply oil.
Step 2Fill in [Job] and [Equipment] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check mat temperature and thickness during paving.

Importance 3.5/5 · O*NET work activity: Operate road-surfacing equipment..

Inspect markers to verify accurate installation.

Monthly

Needs your eyes on site. AI can build the checklist and the report.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI can build your inspection checklists, explain standards and turn your notes and photos into clean reports.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to inspect markers to verify accurate installation.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Installation: [floor, cover, fixture]
Standards: [smoothness, seal, fit]

Make a final inspection checklist. Group it by area, say what 'good' and 'bad' look like for each item, and add a short template for writing up what I find.

10-minute exercise: Installation check

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you inspect markers.
Step 2Fill in [Installation] and [Standards] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Take it with you next time, tick it alongside your usual routine, and add anything it missed.

Importance 3.4/5 · O*NET work activity: Inspect completed work to ensure proper installation..

Blend compounds to form adhesive mixtures used for marker installation.

Monthly

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to blend compounds to form adhesive mixtures used for marker installation.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Material: [mortar, grout, refractory]
Job conditions: [temperature, area, application]

List mix proportions, water amount, working time and curing notes. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Mortar or grout mix

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you blend compounds.
Step 2Fill in [Material] and [Job conditions] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check it against the manufacturer's manual and your site rules, and add the steps only experience teaches.

Importance 2.9/5 · O*NET work activity: Mix substances or compounds needed for work activities..

Apply poisons along roadsides and in animal burrows to eliminate unwanted roadside vegetation and rodents.

A few times a year

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to apply poisons along roadsides and in animal burrows to eliminate unwanted roadside vegetation and rodents.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Treatment: [fumigant, spray]
Site: [rooms, crops]

List prep, application and re-entry rules. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Fumigation or spray prep

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you apply poisons along roadsides.
Step 2Fill in [Treatment] and [Site] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Follow the label and your licence conditions.

Importance 3.8/5 · O*NET work activity: Treat greenery or surfaces with protective substances..

Paint traffic control lines and place pavement traffic messages, by hand or using machines.

A few times a year

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to paint traffic control lines and place pavement traffic messages, by hand or using machines.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Surface: [walls, bridges, equipment]
Finish: [type]

Estimate quantity, list prep and application steps. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Painting plan

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you paint traffic control lines.
Step 2Fill in [Surface] and [Finish] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Check coverage and recoat times on the data sheet.

Importance 3.6/5 · O*NET work activity: Apply paint to surfaces..

Place and remove snow fences used to prevent the accumulation of drifting snow on highways.

Yearly or less

Physical, in-person work. AI helps with checklists and write-ups.

Show prep prompt & steps

Where AI still helps: AI helps around the job: decoding manuals and instructions, pre-job checklists, calculations and writing up what you did afterward.

Prep prompt

I work as a highway maintenance worker. Part of my job is to place and remove snow fences used to prevent the accumulation of drifting snow on highways.

Context: The work draws on public safety and security, building and construction and transportation.
Fence type: [chain link, wood, rebar forms]
Layout: [length, gates, terrain]

List post spacing, materials, layout and tensioning steps. Include the tools, materials and safety steps, the measurements or settings to double-check, and a 3-line template for logging the job. Flag anything to confirm in the manufacturer's manual.

10-minute exercise: Fence or barrier install

Step 1Pick a real example: the next time you place and remove snow fences used.
Step 2Fill in [Fence type] and [Layout] with the real details, then run the prompt.
Step 3Locate utilities and check property lines before digging.

Importance 3.3/5 · O*NET work activity: Install fencing or other barriers.. Also involves: Dismantle equipment or temporary structures..

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Your next moves

Skills to build

From O*NET's ratings of how important each skill is in this job, matched to which part of the work it supports.

Stays human Deepen these

They power the human-led work, which is the part of the job AI can't take over.

  • Operations Monitoringimportance 3.5/5
    Used in: Controlling Machines and Processes
  • Operation and Controlimportance 3.6/5
    Used in: Controlling Machines and Processes
  • Critical Thinkingimportance 2.9/5
    Used in: Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials
  • Troubleshootingimportance 2.9/5
    Used in: Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials

Where you could move

Related jobs from O*NET with the closest skill profile, favouring ones where more of the work stays human. No step down in preparation.

Getting into this job

High school diploma is most common (88% of workers)

  • High school or less 94%
  • Certificate or some college 1%
  • Associate's 5%
  • On-the-job training: 3–6 months
  • Related experience: 6–12 months

What workers in this job report, from O*NET surveys (typical values).

Software in this job

In-demand tools from O*NET. Many now have AI built in, so check what yours can do before adding a new tool.

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